成人大片

New research led by the 成人大片 has confirmed that boy babies are much more likely to experience potentially life-threatening outcomes at birth than girls.

The research, which investigated data of more than 574,000 South Australian births over a 30-year period (1981-2011), is the first population-based study of its kind in Australia to confirm the presence of differences in birth outcomes based on the sex of the baby.

The research team 鈥搃nvolving the 成人大片鈥檚 , the University of Groningen in The Netherlands, and the Pregnancy Outcome Unit of SA Health 鈥� evaluated the relationship between the babies鈥� sex and adverse outcomes, such as pre-term birth, pregnancy-induced high blood pressure disorders, and gestational diabetes mellitus.

The results will be published online today in the journal PLOS ONE.

鈥淭he major conclusion of our study is that the evidence is there and it is very clear: the sex of the baby has a direct association with pregnancy outcomes,鈥� says research leader and senior author , from the University鈥檚 Robinson Research Institute.

The study found that:

• Boys are more likely to be born spontaneously pre-term. Boys show a 27% higher risk for a pre-term birth between 20-24 weeks鈥� gestation, 24% higher risk for a pre-term birth between 30-33 weeks, and 17% higher risk for pre-term birth between 34-36 weeks.
• Mothers carrying boys are 4% more likely to suffer gestational diabetes.
• Mothers carrying boys are 7.5% more likely to suffer pre-eclampsia at term.
• However, pregnant women carrying a girl have a 22% higher risk for early onset pre-eclampsia requiring a pre-term delivery.

Lead author Dr Petra Verburg from the University of Groningen, also currently based at the 成人大片鈥檚 Robinson Research Institute, says: 鈥淥ur results indicate there may be a need for specific interventions tailored to male and female babies, to prevent adverse outcomes for both child and mother. We鈥檙e investigating other factors that may predict pregnancy complications, taking fetal sex into account.鈥�

Professor Roberts and her colleagues have previously published on sex differences in the expression of 142 genes in the placenta from normal pregnancies.

鈥淭he placenta is critical for pregnancy success,鈥� Professor Roberts says. 鈥淲e believe that sex differences in placental function may explain the differences we鈥檙e seeing in outcomes for newborn boys and girls, and their mothers.

鈥淭he next step is to understand the consequence of these differences and how they influence the path to pregnancy complications.鈥�

This research has been funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). [贵耻濒濒听厂迟辞谤测]