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Tom Chambers is currently undertaking a PhD in atmospheric physics/optics. As part of his research, Tom travelled to Davis Station, Antarctica to study the role of clouds and precipitation in the Earth’s climate system. Tom wrote the following post to tell us more about his time on the world’s southernmost continent. 

I’ve always been curious about how natural systems work and I find the many mysteries within this area to be deeply fascinating. The Earth’s atmosphere hosts a wide range of complex and beautiful phenomena which can help us to understand the fundamental processes that lead to their formation. Understanding these processes is crucial to overcoming important issues such as climate change and extreme weather events.

Clouds are currently a large source of uncertainty in climate models, especially over the Southern Ocean and Antarctic regions. Clouds here contain mixtures of ice and super-cooled water that are not currently accurately represented. My research investigates microscopic processes that occur in clouds, such as the role of turbulence in the formation of ice crystals and water droplets. To do this, my research team and I have developed a laser based instrument that can make 3D holograms of these particles. The holograms allow us to measure the particles’ shape, size, and clustering. By comparing our observations to other atmospheric instruments, we can begin to build an understanding of the full life cycle of clouds and better represent them within climate models.

To get to Antarctica, we spent two weeks on the ice-breaker Aurora Australis. We deployed our instruments on the ships railing to measure precipitation. Our instruments were located alongside others from a range of research organizations. We were also lucky enough to observe many beautiful distractions along the way, ranging from leopard seals to a stunning Aurora Australis lighting the skies above.

On reaching Davis Station, much of our time was spent installing an extensive range of instruments around the Station Limits. These instruments included a high powered laser that can measure directly inside of clouds developed by the Australian Antarctic Division, along with a flux tower for measuring snow drift properties, and a scanning precipitation radar provided by our Swiss collaborators from EPFL. Davis Station is a particularly dry part of the world, and so we will leave our instruments there for the coming year to build up an understanding of this crucial link within the Earth’s atmospheric system. Whilst we were on the mainland we had the chance to see some really beautiful landscapes and animals, such as the nesting Adelie Penguins shown on the right.

Now that we have returned to a noticeably warmer climate, our next step will be to deploy our instruments on a weather balloon to measure directly inside the clouds. We will also be analysing the data throughout the year from our Antarctic instruments, along with observations from another campaign last year in the Snowy Mountains.

The observations from Antarctica have been truly unique, and the discoveries that this can lead to are quite exciting. I encountered a range of breathtaking sights, and the amazing people that I got to know made the experience truly incredible. I would strongly encourage other students to take up overseas research opportunities for themselves in the future.