The Economics of Quarantine and the SPS Agreement

Quarantine cover

edited by , Cheryl McRae and David Wilson

FREE | 2012 | Ebook (PDF) | 978-1-922064-32-5 | 430 pp

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  • Chapter details

    Preface
    Kym Anderson, Cheryl McRae and David Wilson
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    1. Introduction
    Kym Anderson, Cheryl McRae and David Wilson
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    PART I — The multilateral rules under WTO

    2. The integration of economics into SPS risk management policies: issues and challenges
    Donna Roberts
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    3. The analytical foundation of quarantine risk analysis
    Mike J. Nunn
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    4. The WTO dispute settlement framework and operation
    Gretchen Heimpel Stanton
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    5. Implications of recent SPS dispute settlement cases
    Gavin Goh and Andreas Ziegler
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    PART II — The ‘appropriate level of protection’

    6. Appropriate level of protection: a European perspective
    Spencer Henson
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    7. Appropriate level of protection: an Australian perspective
    Digby Gascoine
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    8. Appropriate level of protection: a New Zealand perspective
    Hugh R. Bigsby
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    9. Beyond iso-risk to include benefits under the SPS Agreement
    Gil Rodriguez, Nico Klijn, Anna Heaney and Stephen Beare
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    10. Integrating import risk and trade benefit analysis
    Richard H. Snape and David Orden
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    PART III — Adding more economics to risk analysis

    11. Least trade-restrictive SPS policies: an analytic framework is there but questions remain
    David Orden, Clare Narrod and Joseph W. Glauber
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    12. Quarantine decision making in Australia
    Monika Binder
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    13. Quarantine reform: Australia's recent experience
    Carolyn Tanner
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    14. Evaluating economic consequences of livestock diseases: a US perspective
    Kenneth W. Forsythe Jr.
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    PART IV — Specific health and environmental risks from trade

    15. Measuring the effect of food safety standards on African exports to Europe
    Tsunehiro Otsuki, John S. Wilson and Mirvat Sewadeh
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    16. GMOs, the SPS Agreement and the WTO
    Kym Anderson and Chantal Pohl Nielsen
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    17. Food safety policy in the WTO era
    Sallie James
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    18. Environmental risk evaluation in quarantine decision making
    John D. Mumford
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    PART V — Conclusion

    19. Summing up
    David Robertson
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The Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations, culminating in the GATT Secretariat being transformed into the World Trade Organization (WTO) on 1 January 1995, has altered forever the process of quarantine policymaking by national governments.

On the one hand, WTO member countries retain the right to protect the life and health of their people, plants and animals from the risks of hazards such as pests and diseases arising from the importation of goods. On the other hand, the WTO’s Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the SPS Agreement) requires that quarantine measures be determined in a manner that is transparent, consistent, scientifically based, and the least trade-restrictive.

This collection resulted from an international workshop funded and organised by Biosecurity Australia, the agency of government responsible for analysing Australia's quarantine import risks and for negotiating multilateral SPS rules and less restrictive access to overseas markets for Australian produce. The workshop, which was held at the Melbourne Business School on 24-25 October 2000, brought together a distinguished group of applied economists and quarantine policy analysts whose focus involves regions as disparate as Europe, North America, Africa, Asia and New Zealand, in addition to Australia.

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